How does a forward center of gravity affect flight characteristics?

A forward center of gravity primarily results in a higher stall speed and contributes to more stable flight characteristics. When the center of gravity is positioned toward the front of the aircraft, the airplane tends to have a greater tendency to pitch down, which can enhance stability during flight. This stability is beneficial during various phases of flight, such as takeoff and landing, as it aids in maintaining control.

The increase in stall speed occurs because a forward center of gravity affects the aircraft's aerodynamic properties. With the center of gravity forward, the aircraft requires a higher angle of attack to maintain level flight, and this increases the stall speed. It means that the aircraft will stall at a higher speed than it would if the center of gravity were located more toward the rear.

In contrast, a rearward center of gravity might reduce stall speed and offer increased maneuverability, but it can also lead to reduced stability, making the aircraft more challenging to control, especially during critical phases like approach and landing. Understanding how the center of gravity influences flight characteristics is crucial for pilots in ensuring safe operations.