In terms of aircraft certification, what does 'category' refer to?

In the context of aircraft certification, 'category' refers to a broad classification of aircraft types, which can be categorized based on their design and intended use. The categories are a fundamental aspect of how aircraft are regulated, with common examples including airplanes, rotorcraft, gliders, balloons, and lighter-than-air vehicles. Each category encompasses different aircraft types that share similar operational characteristics and regulatory requirements.

This classification is crucial because it helps establish the appropriate standards for safety, airworthiness, and operational limitations specific to each category. Understanding these categories enables pilots and operators to comply with the relevant regulations and determine the type of training and certification required for flying different types of aircraft.