What is hyperventilation?

Hyperventilation refers to an increased depth and rate of breathing beyond what is necessary for the body’s metabolic needs. When a person hyperventilates, they exhale carbon dioxide at a rate that is faster than the body can produce it. This can lead to a drop in carbon dioxide levels in the blood, which might cause various symptoms such as lightheadedness, tingling in the extremities, or even fainting.

This condition is often provoked by stress, anxiety, or panic, and it can occur in situations where rapid breathing seems appropriate, such as during physical exertion or in response to emotional distress. Understanding hyperventilation is crucial for pilots because it can affect their performance and decision-making in critical situations, especially if they do not recognize the symptoms and take appropriate measures to control their breathing.