What is the effect of a rearward center of gravity during flight?

A rearward center of gravity (CG) significantly impacts an aircraft's flight characteristics. When the CG is located toward the rear of the aircraft, it results in less stability in the pitch axis. This instability can make the aircraft more responsive to control inputs, which can lead to a situation where it is harder to maintain level flight and control the aircraft during maneuvers.

With less stability, the aircraft may exhibit a tendency to pitch up or down more easily, which can affect your ability to maintain a straight and level flight path. A rearward CG can allow for higher cruise speeds, as the aircraft may require less control surface deflection to maintain level flight, potentially resulting in improved aerodynamic efficiency. This setup can also make it easier to exceed the aircraft's critical angle of attack unexpectedly, leading to an increased risk of stalling.

While other options address various aspects of performance, they do not accurately capture the effects of a rearward CG. For instance, the stability concerns and potential for a higher cruise speed are the most pertinent issues when a rearward CG is present, thus making the choice that highlights less stable behavior and higher cruise speed the most applicable.