Which element of the "PAVE" checklist refers to external factors like weather hazards?

The element of the "PAVE" checklist that refers to external factors like weather hazards is indeed the Environment. This aspect focuses on the conditions outside of the aircraft that can affect the safety and success of a flight, including weather phenomena such as low visibility, turbulence, wind conditions, temperature extremes, and other environmental hazards.

By evaluating the Environment, pilots can make more informed decisions regarding flight safety. For example, understanding weather patterns and conditions allows pilots to anticipate challenges that could arise during the flight, such as thunderstorms, icing, or strong crosswinds. This proactive approach to assessing the environment is crucial in ensuring the safety of the flight and enhancing the pilot's situational awareness.

The other elements of the "PAVE" checklist address different factors: Pilot relates to the abilities and state of the pilot, Aircraft focuses on the airworthiness and suitability of the aircraft for the planned flight, and External pressures refer more to non-physical factors like personal stress or external deadlines that might affect decision-making. Each of these components is essential, but when considering external factors like weather, Environment is the relevant element.